HIV Transmission Networks in the San Diego–Tijuana Border Region

نویسندگان

  • Sanjay R. Mehta
  • Joel O. Wertheim
  • Kimberly C. Brouwer
  • Karla D. Wagner
  • Antoine Chaillon
  • Steffanie Strathdee
  • Thomas L. Patterson
  • Maria G. Rangel
  • Mlenka Vargas
  • Ben Murrell
  • Richard Garfein
  • Susan J. Little
  • Davey M. Smith
چکیده

BACKGROUND HIV sequence data can be used to reconstruct local transmission networks. Along international borders, like the San Diego-Tijuana region, understanding the dynamics of HIV transmission across reported risks, racial/ethnic groups, and geography can help direct effective prevention efforts on both sides of the border. METHODS We gathered sociodemographic, geographic, clinical, and viral sequence data from HIV infected individuals participating in ten studies in the San Diego-Tijuana border region. Phylogenetic and network analysis was performed to infer putative relationships between HIV sequences. Correlates of identified clusters were evaluated and spatiotemporal relationships were explored using Bayesian phylogeographic analysis. FINDINGS After quality filtering, 843 HIV sequences with associated demographic data and 263 background sequences from the region were analyzed, and 138 clusters were inferred (2-23 individuals). Overall, the rate of clustering did not differ by ethnicity, residence, or sex, but bisexuals were less likely to cluster than heterosexuals or men who have sex with men (p = 0.043), and individuals identifying as white (p ≤ 0.01) were more likely to cluster than other races. Clustering individuals were also 3.5 years younger than non-clustering individuals (p < 0.001). Although the sampled San Diego and Tijuana epidemics were phylogenetically compartmentalized, five clusters contained individuals residing on both sides of the border. INTERPRETATION This study sampled ~ 7% of HIV infected individuals in the border region, and although the sampled networks on each side of the border were largely separate, there was evidence of persistent bidirectional cross-border transmissions that linked risk groups, thus highlighting the importance of the border region as a "melting pot" of risk groups. FUNDING NIH, VA, and Pendleton Foundation.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Migration and Risk Factors for HIV Acquisition in Pregnant Women in Baja California, Mexico

As of December 2000, the US census indicated that more than 8.7 million people of Mexican origin resided in California, with economic and social factors being the driving force for migration.[1] Baja California is a leading point of entry to the United States, with the Tijuana-San Diego border crossing being the busiest land port of entry in the world, with more than 131,000 legal border crossi...

متن کامل

Prevalence of risk factors for HIV infection among Mexican migrants and immigrants: probability survey in the North border of Mexico.

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of risk factors for HIV infection among Mexican migrants and immigrants (MMIs) in different geographic contexts, including the sending communities in Mexico, the receiving communities in the United States (US), and the Mexican North border region. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a probability survey among MMIs traveling through key border crossing sites ...

متن کامل

Surveillance for Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Children, US–Mexico Border, 2005–20081

We reviewed confirmed cases of pediatric invasive meningococcal disease in Tijuana, Mexico, and San Diego County, California, USA, during 2005-2008. The overall incidence and fatality rate observed in Tijuana were similar to those found in the US, and serogroup distribution suggests that most cases in Tijuana are vaccine preventable.

متن کامل

Tweeting Over The Border: An Empirical Study of Transnational Migration in San Diego and Tijuana

Sociological studies on transnational migration are often based on surveys or interviews, an expensive and timeconsuming approach. On the other hand, the pervasiveness of mobile phones and location-aware social networks has introduced new ways to understand human mobility patterns at a national or global scale. In this work, we leverage geolocated information obtained from Twitter as to underst...

متن کامل

HIV infection in mobile populations: the case of Mexican migrants to the United States.

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have indicated varying rates of HIV infection among labor migrants to the United States of America. Most of these studies have been conducted with convenience samples of farmworkers, thus presenting limited external validity. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of HIV infection and risk factors among Mexican migrants traveling through the border region of Tij...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 2  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2015